Oil-in-Water Emulsion Stability Evaluation Using Experimental Design, Multiple Light Scattering and Acoustic Attenuation Spectroscopy

Malek Bendjaballah; Jean Paul Canselier; Rabah Oumeddour

doi:10.15866/irephy.v11i5.14262

Oil-in-Water Emulsion Stability Evaluation Using Experimental Design, Multiple Light Scattering and Acoustic Attenuation Spectroscopy

Malek Bendjaballah^(1*), Jean Paul Canselier⁽²⁾, Rabah Oumeddour⁽³⁾

^(*) Corresponding author

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Abstract

The present study is aimed at a better understanding of the effect of emulsifier and process variables on oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion properties and behavior, such as droplet size distribution (DSD), shelf stability and breakup modes. The emulsions, prepared with a volume fraction Φ of 5% mineral oil, can be considered as simplified models of environmentally-friendly cutting fluids. To find an optimal formulation, the effect of each significant parameter and their mutual interactions is evaluated by means of an adequate experimental design (NemrodW software). Here, five parameters are taken into account: emulsifier nature (HLB number) and concentration, agitation speed (rotor-stator device), emulsifying time and storage temperature. Long-term emulsion stability is monitored by two rather recent, non-intrusive techniques: multiple light scattering (Turbiscan®ags) and acoustic attenuation spectroscopy (Ultrasizer), able to characterize concentrated emulsions directly. After matching surfactant HLB and oil required HLB, a statistical treatment of the DSD allows to propose a model giving the Sauter diameter(d32 ) as a function of emulsifier concentration, agitation speed and emulsification time. For Φ0 = 0.05, the highest stability of C12E4 O/W emulsions is observed with 1% emulsifier.
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Keywords

Emulsification; Experimental Design; Emulsion Stability; Nonionic Surfactants

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