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Improved Pyramid Solar Still for Solar Water Desalination – A Case Study


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v14i12.20051

Abstract


Solar energy is considered as an available source of huge amount of thermal energy with low cost and it is environmentally friendly. Seawater desalination is the main source of freshwater in many countries using different technologies. Seawater desalination using solar thermal energy with passive techniques is vital for arid areas that have shortage in electricity grids or any other sources of energy. In this study, an experimental investigation for a solar still with pyramidal cover in the environmental conditions of arid regions in Saudi Arabia has been conducted. The pyramid surfaces have been designed and directed so that one of the faces receives sunlight directly for a period, which helps in the process of evaporation faster, and the other interface is away from the rays so that the temperature is low to help in the process of condensation of steam. In addition, a seawater feeding system is designed to maintain a constant level of water height within the basin. The accumulated freshwater productivity along sun shining period of the day has reached 3230 gm and the instantaneous productivity takes place at the maximum irradiance period and it has reached 472 gm. The energy and the exergy analyses for the system have indicated that the energy and the exergy efficiencies of the system have reached a maximum of 60% and 5%, respectively. The over day energy and exergy efficiencies of the system have been 31.6% and 2.35%, respectively. The produced freshwater cost from the system has been found out to be 0.1 $/L/m2.
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Keywords


Pyramidal Solar Still; Energy Efficiency; Exergy; Sea Water Desalination

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References


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