Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Numerical Investigation of Hydrodynamic Behavior of Foil Shaped Zinc Anode for Reducing the Hull Appendages Effect


(*) Corresponding author


Authors' affiliations


DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v14i7.18228

Abstract


Appendages are parts of a ship that might increase viscous resistance. The geometric shapes of appendages should be made appropriately in order to generate designs capable of reducing the negative effects of appendages. Therefore, the zinc anodes as sacrificial cathodic protection of ship hull are designed to decrease the amount of drag force that might cause an increase of the total resistance of ship, and it should be installed aligned with the direction of local flow. Regarding the effort to minimize the appendage effect, the foil shaped zinc anode has been proposed in order to improve the performance of drag force on the conventional zinc anode. This research is focused on investigating the hydrodynamic behavior of the foil shaped zinc anode in reducing the effect of hull appendages on ship performance. In this paper, a numerical study has been carried out using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. A comparison of the performance for each variation of foil shaped and conventional zinc anode will be discussed. The results show that foil shaped zinc anodes have generated smaller drag force compared with the conventional ones.
Copyright © 2020 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

Keywords


Foil Shaped Zinc Anode; Drag Force; Cathodic Protection; Sacrificial Anode and Hull Appendages

Full Text:

PDF


References


Ashworth, V., Principles of Cathodic Protection, 2013 [Online].

http://www.elsevierdirect.com/brochures/shreir/PDF/Principles_of_Cathodic_Protection.pdf.

Voermans, A., Propulsion improvement – fuel saving by means of upgrading ship propulsion, Scandinavian Shipping Gazette, vol. 18, 2006.

Wärtsilä, Boosting Energy Efficiency, Presentation: Energy Efficiency Catalogue/Ship Power. [Online], 2009

http://www.wartsila.com/Wartsila/global/docs/en/ship_power/energyefficiency/boosting-energy-efficiency-presentation.pdf

Celis, J. P., Diomidis, N., Effect of hydrodynamics on zinc anodizing in silicate-based electrolytes, Surface & Coatings Technology, vol. 195, pp. 307-313, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.07.100

Mathiazhagan, A., Design and Programming of Cathodic Protection for Ships, International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, pp. 217-221, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.7763/ijcea.2010.v1.36

Pastore, S., Belleze, T., Fratesi, T., Lorenzi, R.,Cathodic protection modelling of a propeller shaft, Corrosion Science, pp. 36-46, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2016.02.035

Wang, F. Xu, J., Jiang, L., Ma, G., 2020. A comparative investigation on cathodic protections of three sacrificial anodes on chloride-contaminated reinforced concrete, Construction and Building Materials S0950061820304815, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118476

Goyal, A., Olorunnipa, E.K., Pouya, H.S., Ganjian, E., Olubanwo, A.O., Potential and current distribution across different layers of reinforcement in reinforced concrete cathodic protection system- A numerical study. Construction and Building Materials S095006182032585X, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120580

Feng, X., Yan, Q., Lu, X., Wu, T., Zhang, Y., Zuo, Y., Wang, J., 2020. Protection performance of the submerged sacrificial anode on the steel reinforcement in the conductive carbon fiber mortar column in splash zones of marine environments. Corrosion Science S0010938X20300974, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2020.108818

Adedeji, K., Ponnle, A., Abe, B., Jimoh, A., Abu-Mahfouz, A., Hamam, Y., A Review of the Effect of AC/DC Interference on Corrosion and Cathodic Protection Potentials of Pipelines, (2018) International Review of Electrical Engineering (IREE), 13 (6), pp. 495-508.
https://doi.org/10.15866/iree.v13i6.15766

Kim, Yong-Sang, Kim, Jeongguk, Choi, Dooho, Lim, Jae-Yong, Kim, Jung-Gu. Optimizing the sacrificial anode cathodic protection of the rail canal structure in seawater using the boundary element method. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, Vol.77, pp. 36-48, 2017
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2017.01.003

Santos, W.J., Brasil, S.L.D.C., Santiago, J.A.F., Telles, J.C.F. A new solution technique for cathodic protection systems with homogeneous region by the boundary element method. Eur. J. Comput. Mech. 27, pp. 368–382, 2018.

Kim, Y.S., Seok, S., Lee, J.S., Lee, S.K., Kim, J.G. Optimizing anode location in impressed current cathodic protection system to minimize underwater electric field using multiple linear regression analysis and artificial neural network methods. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, Vol. 96, pp. 84-93, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2018.08.012

Kim, Y.S.; Lee, S.K.; Chung, H.J.; Kim, J.G. Influence of a simulated deep sea condition on the cathodic protection and electric field of an underwater vehicle. Ocean Engineering, Vol. 148, pp. 223-23, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.11.027

Rodopoulos, D.C., Gortsas, T.V., Tsinopoulos, S.V., Polyzos, D. ACA/BEM for solving large-scale cathodic protection problems. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 106, pp. 139–148, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2019.05.011

Velten, S. B., Santos, W. J.; Brasil, S. L. D. C., Santiago, J. A. F.; Telles, J. C. F. A study of meshless methods for optimization of cathodic protection systems. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, Vol. 107, p233-242, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2019.07.017

Kalovelonis, D.T., Rodopoulos, D.C., Gortsas, T.V., Polyzos, D., Tsinopoulos, S.V. Cathodic Protection of A Container Ship Using A Detailed BEM Model. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol. 8 Issue 5, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8050359

Yingwei Liu, Zhongwu Zhang, Yang Zhang, Jianneng Zhang. Determination of the auxiliary anode position via finite element method in impressed current cathodic protection. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, Vol. 66, Issue 4, pp. 432-438, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1108/acmm-05-2018-1947

Windyandari, A., Haryadi, G., Suharto, S., Abar, I., Numerical Estimation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Propeller Performance Using Rigid and Flexible Model, (2019) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 13 (4), pp. 218-223.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v12i12.16499

Vasyl'ev, H., Herasymenko, Yu. Corrosion Meters of New Generation Based on the Improved Method of Polarization Resistance. Materials Science, Vol. 52, pp. 722-731, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-017-0015-9

Liu, H., Dai, Y., Cheng, Y.F., Corrosion of underground pipelines in clay soil with varied soil layer thicknesses and aerations. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 13, pp. 3601-3614, 2020
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2019.11.006

Peng, X., Zhou, X., Ye, Z., Dong, Y. Aging Precipitation Behavior of 316LN + Nb SS at 750 °C and Its Influences on Intergranular Corrosion Resistance. Steel Research International. Vol. 89, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201800087

Krauss, W., Wulf, S.E., Lorenz, J., Konys, J., Precipitation phenomena during corrosion testing in forced-convection Pb-15.7Li loop PICOLO. Fusion Engineering & Design: Part B, Vol. 146, p1782-1785, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.03.034

Walsh, F.C., Kear, G., Nahlé, A.H., Wharton, J.A., Arenas, L.F. The rotating cylinder electrode for studies of corrosion engineering and protection of metals-an illustrated review. Corrosion Science, Vol.123, pp. 1-20, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2017.03.024

Colli, A.N., Bisang, J.M. Time-dependent mass-transfer behaviour under laminar and turbulent flow conditions in rotating electrodes: A CFD study with analytical and experimental validation. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 137, pp. 835-846, 2019
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.03.152

Domżalicki, P., Lunarska, E., Birn, J., Effect of cathodic polarization and sulfate reducing bacteria on mechanical properties of different steels in synthetic sea water. Mater Corros., Vol. 58, pp. 413-421, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.200604024

Sun, D., Wu, D., Xie, F., Gong, K., Hydrogen permeation behavior of X70 pipeline steel simultaneously affected by tensile stress and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy., Vol. 44, pp. 24065-24074, 2019
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.07.111

Kanerva, M., Energy Savings in Ships, Presentation: Meriliikenne ja Ympäristö, Deltamarin, Finland, 2005

Anderson, K., Lassesson, H., Energy efficiency in shipping, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, 2009.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Please send any question about this web site to info@praiseworthyprize.com
Copyright © 2005-2024 Praise Worthy Prize