Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

A Parametric Numerical Study of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Computer Chassis


(*) Corresponding author


Authors' affiliations


DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v9i3.5634

Abstract


The present work investigates, by means of numerical simulations, conjugate heat transfer effects inside a computer chassis. The numerical simulations were conducted by the FLUENT commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The solution was obtained by solving the Navier-Stokes equations in a three dimensional computational domain. A validation case (with experimental data available) was used to determine which Reynolds-averaged turbulence (RANS) model is suited for the aforementioned configurations. The comparison with the experimental values of velocity and temperature profiles were in favour of the standard k-ε model. Regarding the study of a computer chassis, emphasis was given to the key components, such as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), which is cooled using fans. Several cooling schemes were studied based on available commercial configurations. The numerical results of temperature distribution on the heat sources and the air streamlines were analysed in order to evaluate each case and find out if there is a satisfaction of the operating conditions. In addition, through the CFD process, the problematic areas are revealed in order to consider improvements. The present study also introduces cooling schemes that could be beneficial for applications where cooling of electronic components is needed.
Copyright © 2015 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

Keywords


CFD; Cooling; Computer Chassis; Conjugate Heat Transfer; Electronic Devices

Full Text:

PDF


References


G.I. Sultan, Enhancing forced convection heat transfer from multiple protruding heat sources simulating electronic components in a horizontal channel by passive cooling, Microelectronics Journal, Vol. 31, pp. 773-779, 2000.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2692(00)00058-6

S. Banerjee, A. Mukhopadhyay, S. Sen, R. Ganguly, Natural convection in a bi-heater configuration of passive electronic cooling, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 47, n. 11, pp. 1516-1527, 2008.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.12.004

K. J. L. Geisler and A. Bar-Cohen, Passive Immersion Cooling of 3-D Stacked Dies. IEEE Transactions on components and packaging technologies, Vol. 32, n.3, pp. 557-565, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcapt.2008.2006186

S. Gururatana. Heat transfer augmentation for electronic cooling, American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, n.3, pp. 436-439, 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2012.436.439

S.A. El-Sayed, S.M. Mohamed, A.M. Abdel-Latif, and A.E. Abouda, Investigation of turbulent heat transfer and fluid flow in longitudinal rectangular-fin arrays of different geometries and shrouded fin array. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 26, n. 8, pp. 879-900, 2002.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1777(02)00159-0

K. Yazawa, H. Yoshino, S. Nakagawa, and M. Ishizuka, Experimental Flow visualization and analytic thermal modeling of multi-channel wall for electronics. IEEE Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems – Proc. of the Intersociety Conference, art. no. 1645404, pp. 630-637, 2006.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itherm.2006.1645404

A. Fan, R. Bonner, S. Sharratt. and J.Y. Sungtaek, An Innovative Passive Cooling Method for High Performance Light-emitting Diodes. 28th IEEE SEMI-THERM Symposium art. no. 6188867, pp. 319-324, 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stherm.2012.6188867

Z. Duan, Y.S. Muzychka, Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in Impingement Air Cooled Plate Fin Heat Sinks. Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 128, n. 4, pp. 412-419, 2005.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2351906

Z. Duan, Y.S. Muzychka, Pressure Drop of impingement Air Cooled Plate Fin Heat Sinks. Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 129, n. 2, pp. 190-195, 2006.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2721094

S.A. El-Sayed, S.M. Mohamed, A.M. Abdel-Latif, and A.E. Abouda, Experimental study of heat transfer and fluid flow in longitudinal rectangular-fin array located in different orientations in fluid flow. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 29, n. 1, pp.113-128, 2004.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2004.02.006

P. Rodgers, and V. Eveloy, Prediction of Microelectronics Thermal Behavior in Electronic Equipment. Proc. in Status, Challenges and Future Requirements - 4th Thermal & Mechanical Simulation and Experiments in Micro-electronics and Microsystems Conference (EuroSimE), Aix-en-Provence, France, 2003.

O.A. Leon, G. De Mey, E. Dick, and J. Vierendeels, Staggered heat sinks with aerodynamic cooling fins, Microlelectronics reliability, Vol. 44, n. 7, pp. 1181-1187, 2004.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2004.03.003

Y.M. Chen, K.C.Wang, Experimental study on the forced convective flow in a channel with heated blocks in tandem, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 16, n. 4, pp. 286-298, 1998.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1777(97)10033-4

E. Ozturk and I. Tari, Forced air cooling of CPUs with heat sinks: A numerical study. IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies, Vol. 31 n. 3, pp. 650-660, 2008.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcapt.2008.2001840

Nishida, F.B., Alves, T.A., Conjugate cooling of 3D protruding heaters with laminar flow in a rectangular channel, (2014) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 8 (2), pp. 360-369.

Sivakumar, K., Natarajan, E., Kulasekharan, N., CFD simulation and experimental investigation of convection heat transfer in a rectangular convergent channel with staggered ribs, (2013) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 7 (3), pp. 541-548.

Dewan, A., Gupt, D.P., Sanghi, S., Enhancement of heat transfer through jet impingement by using detached ribs, (2013) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 7 (2), pp. 308-317.

P. Karava, T. Stathopoulos, A.K. Athienitis, Wind-driven natural ventilation analysis. International Journal of the Solar Energy Society, Vol. 81, pp. 20-30, 2007
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2006.06.013

P. Karava, T. Stathopoulos, A.K. Athienitis, Airflow assessment in cross-ventilated buildings with operable façade elements. Building and Environment, Vol. 46, n. 1, pp. 266-279, 2011.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.07.022

K.S. Nikas, N. Nikolopoulos, A. Nikolopoulos, Numerical study of a naturally cross-ventilated building. Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, n. 4, pp. 422–434, 2010.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.10.010

T.S. Larsen, N. Nikolopoulos, A. Nikolopoulos, K.S. Nikas, Characterization and prediction of the volume flow rate aerating a cross ventilated building by means of experimental techniques and numerical approaches. Energy and Buildings, Vol. 43, n. 6, pp. 1371-1381, 2011.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.01.015

A. Nikolopoulos, N. Nikolopoulos, T.S. Larsen, K.S. Nikas, Experimental and numerical investigation of the tracer gas methodology in the case of a naturally cross-ventilated building. Building & Environment, Vol. 56, pp. 379-388, 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.04.006

T.L. Perelman, On conjugated problems of heat transfer, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 3, n. 4, pp. 293-303, 1961.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(61)90044-8

D. A. Panagiotou, and K.S. Nikas,. Numerical study of conjugate heat transfer in a computer chassis. 4th International Conference on Experiments / Process / System Modeling / Simulation / Optimization, Athens. 2011

ANSYS Fluent 12.0, User’s Guide, ANSYS, Inc., April, 2009.

B.E. Launder, D.B. Spalding, The Numerical Computational of Turbulence Flows. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 3, pp.269-289. 1974
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(74)90029-2

Intel’s Technical Datasheet, Intel Core2 Extreme processor Q9000/8000 series datasheet, 2009. http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/intelligent-systems/mccreary/core2-qx9000-q9000-q8000-datasheet.html.

Driss, Z., Karray, S., Kchaou, H., Abid, M.S., Computer simulations of fluid-structure interaction generated by a flat-blade paddle in a vessel tank, (2014) International Review of Aerospace Engineering, 7 (3), pp. 88-97.

Ahmed, S., Nazari, A., Wahba, E., Numerical analysis of separation control over an airfoil section, (2014) International Review of Aerospace Engineering, 7 (2), pp. 48-54.

Mat Lazim, T., Kareem, Z.S., Mohd Jaafar, M.N.M., Abdullah, S., Abdulwahid, A.F., Heat transfer enhancement in spirally corrugated tube, (2014) International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS), 7 (6), pp. 970-978.
http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v7i6.4948


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Please send any question about this web site to info@praiseworthyprize.com
Copyright © 2005-2024 Praise Worthy Prize