Experimental Study on the Effect of Water Injection in an Internal Combustion Engine

Abstract

The current scenario of emissions from the combustion of fuels such as petrol and diesel is far too serious to be ignored or put away. The combustion process generates harmful gases such as Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) and Sulphur Oxides (SOx), which contributes massively to the air pollution and causes serious risk to the population. A diesel engine is a major source of this pollution, owing to the large number of vehicles it is installed in & also its application in virtually all sectors. Though there are advancements, the data suggests that there is still a huge potential to be unlocked from this approach. The constantly depleting amount of fossil fuels also have encouraged research into alternative forms of transportation, fuel efficiency is currently a major factor for an individual and a car company alike. The entire operation of an engine is related to temperature, specifically, temperature of incoming air charge. If the charge is cooler, the oxygen density available is more which guarantees a more efficient combustion. The aim of this paper is to cool the intake charge temperature in the engine, to improve the power & torque production of the engine, and also improve its fuel consumption by using the technique of water injection. The emissions generated will also be lowered, due to lower combustion and working temperatures and there is no need to stress the engine above its limits. This indirectly leads to lesser consumption of fuel and lower emissions. A National Instruments LabVIEW Data Acquisition System, made available by the MESCOE NI LAB, is used to obtain temperature intake air and the temperature of air after the Water Injection.
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