Heat Gains, Heating and Cooling in Nordic Housing with Electrical Space Heating

Abstract

In Finland, the most common type of space heating in single family houses is direct electrical heating. When the buildings are getting more energy efficient, the heat gains from electric appliances, people and sun get more important to the heat balance of the building, thus having a great impact on the energy efficient controls and on the demand response.  The goal of this article is to analyse the heat balance of energy efficient buildings and to propose some options that allow to reduce the housing heating consumption. First, an energy demand comparison is done between two models: a 2010 building and a passive building. Subsequently, the effect that the heat gains from lighting, appliances, people and sun produce in a building is studied as well as the amount of heating that they could supply. In Northern Countries, this type of study is relevant due to the fact that heating represents a huge percentage of the total energy consumption.
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