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Photovoltaic System Equipped with a Reliable and Efficient Regulator/MPPT and Energy Flow Controller


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/iree.v10i1.4842

Abstract


The work presented in this paper concerns the conception, implementation and testing of a photovoltaic system equipped with a new concept of controller 'regulator/ MPPT'. The role of the controller is, firstly, to exploit the maximum power by Hill climbing improved algorithm that considers optimal electrical characteristics of PV panels (variation of the optimal voltage of the panels during operation around the maximum power point) regardless of the system perturbation such as sudden variation of illumination. Secondly, to manage the energy between panels and batteries and also, between panels and grid, in order to control the charge / discharge process with taking into consideration the different situations that can occur in an installation (charge cycle, discharge cycle, charge/discharge cycle). Thirdly, to inject the surplus of energy provided by panels into the grid when the batteries are fully charged and even when they are in charge phases (second and third phases of charge while regulation is enabled; a part of the power delivered by the panels is not absorbed by the batteries). And also, its role is to estimate the state of charge with precision by the combination of two methods: the OCV method and the coulomb counting method. In addition, the system ensures all of the following functions: display of parameters on LCD, acquisition and presentation of results on computer, supervision and so on. The results obtained during days of experimentation, under weather disturbances (variation of the irradiance and temperature) show the robustness of the PV system, the good control of batteries charge/discharge process under the maximum of energy provided by the PV panels and the protection against overcharging and deep discharging. The surplus of energy provided by panels and unabsorbed by the batteries is transferred into the grid. The estimation of the state of charge SoC is evaluated from the measured parameters in real time; it shows an improvement of around 5% compared to the conventional technique. It is conceived so that it can be adapted to any battery system of type lead.
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Keywords


Photovoltaic Systems; Battery; Regulator; MPPT; Boost/Buck Converter; Charge/Discharge; So

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References


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