Implementation and Road-Testing of a Solar Three-Wheeler


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Abstract


This project was developed on the basis of urban green transportation in order to obtain a zero-emissions vehicle that could use photovoltaic panels. Because of the space needed for the PVs, the core idea is to design a Three Wheeler (tricycle) with Front Wheel Drive, since the motor was located in the front wheel. On the contrary of what the most of the commercial electric bikes do, this vehicle would not use grid electric power, being charged only through renewables (PVs) in order to be completely environmental friendly. For the sake of comparison, two different configurations carried out: the first was supplied by a 36 VDC /750W hub motor along with three 12V/18Ah batteries connected in series, while a sophisticated rear axle with mechanical differential has been implemented, as well. The second one was powered by a 24 VDC /500W hub motor along with two 12V/25Ah batteries, having totally independent rear suspension with swing-arms. Both configurations were integrated with electric brakes (front) and a double - disk brake system (rear). In order to test the vehicles, tree different patterns for typical users have been selected: (a) unstoppable use, (b) regular urban use, and (c) normal employee transportation. In all cases and independently of the solar radiation intense, both configurations presented good performance, being able to cover normal urban transportation. More precisely, the 24 VDC vehicle found sufficient for all the above described patterns of usage, thus underlying that grid charging is completely unnecessary.
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Keywords


Electric Vehicle; Hybrid Solar Vehicle; Zero-Emission; Photovoltaic; Solar Energy

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