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Effect of Oil Weathering and Water Content on the Burning of Liquid Fuels Spilled on Water
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Abstract
The objective of the present work is to study how the combustion of crude oil layers floating on water is influenced by the aging of oil (degree of oil evaporation) and the formation of emulsions. The experiments are dealing with burning rate, time to the start of boilover, burned mass ratio. The results are discussed in relation to the main factors influencing the phenomenon: initial oil-layer thickness and pool diameter. The behavior of weathered crude oil agrees closely with the general behavior of single oils with increasing boiling point (the surface temperature will increase with weathering as the residual crude oil becomes less volatile). In contrast, the case of emulsions is more complex and somewhat difficult to model (thermal breakage of emulsified layers, boilover difficult to discern). Finally, the work is complemented by a study of smoke production. The procedure permits measurements of exhaust gas composition by means of a flow through system. Results show that weathering increases both yield of soot and CO but that emulsification decreases these yields. The former effect is due to a residual liquid progressively less volatil, the later to vaporised water interacting chemically in the flame.
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