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Evaluation of the Thermal Characteristics of Phase Change Material Integrated into the Roof of Buildings by a Numerical Model


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/irece.v14i6.23507

Abstract


Currently, phase change materials are presented as a promising solution to reduce energy demand in buildings. Due to the above, this research evaluates the effect of phase change materials located on the roof of buildings. For the development of the research, a numerical model has been built, and PCM RT27 and PCM RT31 materials have been selected, respectively. Temperature, heat flow, thickness, inclination, and Nusselt number have been evaluated as analysis variables. In general, the research shows that the installation of phase change materials on the roof of buildings leads to a significant reduction in heat flow and temperature at the interior surface. The PCM RT27 and PCM RT31 materials achieve a 31.36% and 28.19% decrease in the interior roof surface temperature. In addition, a maximum decrease of 106.26 W/m2 in heat flow has been achieved. The 15 mm increase in PCM thickness allows an additional 23.28% and 15.30 W/m2 decrease in temperature and heat flow, respectively. The research also demonstrates that the inclination of the phase change material surface affects thermal performance, achieving a 4.97% decrease compared to a surface with no inclination. In general, the research shows that the implementation of phase change materials in the roof is a promising strategy to minimize the energy consumption associated with air conditioning in buildings.
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Keywords


Phase Change Material; Numerical Model; Building; Temperature

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