Mix Design for Sustainable High Strength Concrete by Using GGBS and Micro Silica as Supplementary Cementitious Materials
(*) Corresponding author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/irece.v11i1.17784
Abstract
This study has explored a new mix design for the production of sustainable high strength concrete that can be used successfully in hot weather. Ordinary Portland cement has been replaced by 47% Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and 5.9% Micro-silica in order produce sustainable concrete with high durability and better mechanical properties. Crushed fine sand and Red Dune sand have been used in order to replace the shortage in natural fine sand and also to increase the compactness and filling the gabs. Durability tests have included water absorption, water permeability and penetration of chloride ions. Compressive strength, flexural strength and tensile splitting strength have been measured for one mix in order to investigate the mechanical properties resulted from this mix design. The results have showed a successful mix design with more durable and better performance concrete compared to 100% OPC concrete.
Copyright © 2020 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Mehta P. K., Monteiro P. J., Concrete: microstructure, properties, and materials. McGraw-Hill New York; 2006.
Neville A. M., Properties of concrete. Longman London; 2011.
Davidovits J. High-Alkali Cements for 21st Century Concretes. Special Publication. 1994;144.
Manuel Torres-Carrasco, Monique T. Tognonvi, Arezki Tagnit-Hamou, Francisca Puertas, Durability of Alkali-Activated Slag Concretes Prepared Using Waste Glass as Alternative Activator. Materials Journal. 2015, 112(6).
https://doi.org/10.14359/51687903
M. Sahmaran, G. Yıldırım, G. Hasıloglu Aras, S. Bahadır Keskin, O. K. Keskin, M. Lachemi, Self-Healing of Cementitious Composites to Reduce High CO2 Emissions. Materials Journal. 2017;114(1).
https://doi.org/10.14359/51689484
Abd El.Aziz M, Abd El.Aleem S, Heikal M, El. Didamony H. Hydration and durability of sulphate-resisting and slag cement blends in Caron's Lake water. Cement and Concrete Research. 2005;35(8):1592-600.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.06.038
Khan MI, Siddique R. Utilization of silica fume in concrete: Review of durability properties. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2011;57:30-5.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.09.016
Hanif A, Lu Z, Li Z. Utilization of fly ash cenosphere as lightweight filler in cement-based composites – A review. Construction and Building Materials. 2017;144:373-84.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.188
Li G, Zhao X. Properties of concrete incorporating fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2003;25(3):293-9.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0958-9465(02)00058-6
Berndt ML. Properties of sustainable concrete containing fly ash, slag and recycled concrete aggregate. Construction and Building Materials. 2009;23(7):2606-13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.02.011
Liu Y, Zhou X, Lv C, Yang Y, Liu T. Use of Silica Fume and GGBS to Improve Frost Resistance of ECC with High-Volume Fly Ash. Advances in Civil Engineering. 2018;2018:11.
Zhou W, Yan C, Duan P, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Qiu X, et al. A comparative study of high- and low-Al2O3 fly ash based-geopolymers: The role of mix proportion factors and curing temperature. Materials & Design. 2016;95:63-74.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.084
Rashad AM. A comprehensive overview about the influence of different admixtures and additives on the properties of alkali-activated fly ash. Materials & Design. 2014;53:1005-25.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.07.074
Xuan D, Poon CS, Zheng W. Management and sustainable utilization of processing wastes from ready-mixed concrete plants in construction: A review. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2018;136:238-47.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.04.007
Paranhos RS, Cazacliu BG, Sampaio CH, Petter CO, Neto RO, Huchet F. A sorting method to value recycled concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2016;112:2249-58.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.10.021
He Z, Zhu X, Wang J, Mu M, Wang Y. Comparison of CO2 emissions from OPC and recycled cement production. Construction and Building Materials. 2019;211:965-73.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.289
Al-Harthy AS, Halim MA, Taha R, Al-Jabri KS. The properties of concrete made with fine dune sand. Construction and Building Materials. 2007;21(8):1803-8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.053
Haifeng L, Jurong M, Yiying W, Jianguo N. Influence of desert sand on the mechanical properties of concrete subjected to impact loading. Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica. 2017;30(6):583-95.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camss.2017.10.007
Zhang G, Song J, Yang J, Liu X. Performance of mortar and concrete made with a fine aggregate of desert sand. Building and Environment. 2006;41(11):1478-81.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.05.033
(BS) BSI. 196-6:1992, Methods of Testing Cement. Part 6: Determination of Fineness`1992.
EN) BSIB. 197-1:2000. Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements, 2000.
EN) BSIB. 15167-1:2006 Ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in concrete, mortar and grout. 2006.
(BS) BSI. BS 1881: Part 122 :Part 122. Method for determination of water absorption. 1983.
(EN) BSIB. BS EN 12390-8:2000, Part 8: Depth of penetration of water under pressure. 2000.
ASTM. C1202-17a, Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration. 2017.
Kumar MP, Mini KM, Rangarajan M. Ultrafine GGBS and calcium nitrate as concrete admixtures for improved mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Construction and Building Materials. 2018;182:249-57.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.096
Li LG, Zheng JY, Zhu J, Kwan AKH. Combined usage of micro-silica and nano-silica in concrete: SP demand, cementing efficiencies and synergistic effect. Construction and Building Materials. 2018;168:622-32.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.181
Oner A, Akyuz S. An experimental study on optimum usage of GGBS for the compressive strength of concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2007;29(6):505-14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.01.001
Luo FJ, He L, Pan Z, Duan WH, Zhao XL, Collins F. Effect of very fine particles on workability and strength of concrete made with dune sand. Construction and Building Materials. 2013;47:131-7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.005
Elahi A, Basheer PAM, Nanukuttan SV, Khan QUZ. Mechanical and durability properties of high performance concretes containing supplementary cementitious materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2010;24(3):292-9.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.08.045
Kolias SG, C. The effect of paste volume and of water content on the strength and water absorption of concrete. Cement & Concrete Composites. 2005;27:211-6.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.009
Ng P-L, Kwan AK-H, Li LG. Packing and film thickness theories for the mix design of high-performance concrete. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A. 2016;17(10):759-81.
https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a1600439
Kwan AKH, Wong HHC. Packing density of cementitious materials: part 2—packing and flow of OPC + PFA + CSF. Materials and Structures. 2007;41(4):773.
Yazıcı H. The effect of silica fume and high-volume Class C fly ash on mechanical properties, chloride penetration and freeze–thaw resistance of self-compacting concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2008;22(4):456-62.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.01.002
Salih MA. Strength and durability of high performance concrete containing fly ash and micro silica. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET). 2018;9(9):104-14.
Ahmed, S., Salih, M., Durability of Concrete Containing Different Levels of Supplementary Cementitious Materials, (2018) International Review of Civil Engineering (IRECE), 9 (6), pp. 241-247.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irece.v9i6.15859
Menéndez, E., Evaluation and Gradation of Simultaneous Damage in Concrete Affected by Alkali-Silica Reaction and Sulfate Attack, (2019) International Journal on Engineering Applications (IREA), 7 (1), pp. 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irea.v7i1.17185
Sapountzakis, E., An Improved Model for the Analysis of Plates Stiffened by Parallel Beams Including Creep and Shrinkage Effects: Application to Concrete or to Composite Steel-Concrete Structures, (2018) International Journal on Engineering Applications (IREA), 6 (2), pp. 57-70.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irea.v6i2.15377
Benoudjafer, I., Labbaci, B., Benoudjafer, I., An Experimental Investigation on the Thermal Effect on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete, (2017) International Review of Civil Engineering (IRECE), 8 (2), pp. 64-71.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irece.v8i2.11829
Tayeb, R., Soltane, L., Tafraoui, A., Abderrahmane, M., Towards an Economical Local Eco-Material in Sustainable Concrete, (2017) International Review of Civil Engineering (IRECE), 8 (4), pp. 152-159.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irece.v8i4.11359
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Please send any question about this web site to info@praiseworthyprize.com
Copyright © 2005-2024 Praise Worthy Prize