Evaluation of Material Stocks, GAS, and NAS for Infrastructure in Japan by Capturing Resource Flow and Stock


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Abstract


This article evaluates economy-wide material flows and stocks of four types of infrastructure in Japan: roadways, railways, buildings, and sewer networks during 1970–2005. As all materials consumed and amassed are in principle turned into waste after their life span terminates, evaluating the accumulation of material stock has gained importance for policy makers to direct attention towards upcoming waste generation, which will also emerge as an encumbrance for future generations. This study computes gross additions to stock (GAS, the amount of materials added to the economy’s stock each year) and net additions to stock (NAS, the difference between added materials and stock depletion) with the aid of material flow and stock analysis, since these are key indicators of total material consumption. By defining an appropriate systemic boundary of each specific kind of infrastructure, an annual average GAS is directly estimated from data on improvement, maintenance, and new construction of specific infrastructure. Annual NAS is estimated as annual average change in total material accumulation in a specific year. Estimated results show that in 2005, the total stock was 12 billion tonnes, while GAS and NAS were 309 and 114 million tonnes respectively. Consequently, stock depletion is estimated for the whole study period. Once the use of these and other important indicators have been analysed, more practical and appropriate policy measures could be proposed for Japan to aim for a sustainable stock-type society
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Keywords


Material Stock; Gross Additions to Stock; Net Additions to Stock; Material Consumption; Future Waste Management

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