Analysis of Received Mode S Signal Power From Aircraft in Straight and Level Flight

Jakub Nosek; Jakub Kraus

doi:10.15866/irease.v16i4.22610

Analysis of Received Mode S Signal Power From Aircraft in Straight and Level Flight

Jakub Nosek^(1*), Jakub Kraus⁽²⁾

^(*) Corresponding author

Authors' affiliations

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/irease.v16i4.22610

Abstract

Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) and Multilateration (MLAT) systems are nowadays one of the broadly used aviation surveillance systems, taking advantage of their capabilities to accurately detect targets’ position at significantly lower cost compared to conventional Secondary Surveillance Radars (SSR). Research and development are constantly being made in the industry to improve the capabilities and robustness of these systems and thus enhance the safety of air traffic. One of the parameters that are worth to be studied and that could be utilized by the systems for the improvements stated above is the received signal power of the Mode S Downlink Format (DF) messages transmitted on 1090 MHz by aircraft. This paper analyzes whether the signal power value parameter could be used to improve the functionality of real MLAT systems. A measurement of signal power received from aircraft flying in typical flight levels had been done using a real 1090 MHz receiving ground station and the measured values were compared with theoretical expectations. The results showed the measured values of the received signal power to a certain level correspond with the theoretical expectations.
Copyright © 2023 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

Keywords

Signal Power; Signal Amplitude; Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast; Multilateration; Transponder; Secondary Surveillance Radar

Full Text:

PDF

References

K. Pourvoyeur, A. Mathias, R. Heidger, Investigation of Measurement Characteristics of MLAT/WAM and ADS-B, 2011 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications - Enhanced Surveillance of Aircraft and Vehicles, 2011, pp. 203-206.

EASA, Annual Safety Review. European Union Aviation Safety Agency, 2014. Available from: doi:10.2822/541561

EUROCONTROL. Operational Safety Study: Risk of operation without a transponder or with a dysfunctional one. 2014.

B-S. Yakkov, P. K. Willett, X. Tian, Tracking and Data Fusion. YBS Publishing, Storrs, 2011. ISBN 978 0964 8312 78.

M. Leonardi, E. Piracci, G. Galati, ADS-B vulnerability to low cost jammers: Risk assessment and possible solutions, 2014 Tyrrhenian International Workshop on Digital Communications - Enhanced Surveillance of Aircraft and Vehicles, 2014, pp. 41-46.
https://doi.org/10.1109/TIWDC-ESAV.2014.6945445

ICAO, Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume I to V. International Civil Aviation Organization, 2022.

M. Matejovie, J. Hospodka, S. Pleninger, P. Lukeš, T. Pilmannová, Utilization of Correlation Between NACp and NIC Parameters for GNSS Jamming Detection, 23rd International Conference on New Trends in Civil Aviation, 2022, pp. 69-73.
https://doi.org/10.23919/NTCA55899.2022.9934749

P. Lukeš, T. Topková, T. Vlček, S. Pleninger, Recognition of GNSS Jamming Patterns in ADS-B Data, 22nd International Conference on New Trends in Civil Aviation, 2020, pp. 9-15.
https://doi.org/10.23919/NTCA50409.2020.9291039

J. Sadowski, J. Stefanski, Asynchronous WAM with irregular pulse repetition, Journal of Navigation, 2019, Vol 72, Is 1, pp. 85-100.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463318000607

RTCA, DO-260B - Minimum Operational Performance Standards for 1090 MHz Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) and Traffic Information Services - Broadcast (TIS-B). Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics, 2009.

Gaviria I. A. M, New Strategies to Improve Multilateration Systems in the Air Traffic Control. Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (2013).

J. H. Mott, Estimation of aircraft distances using transponder signal strength information. Cogent Engineering, 5:1, 1466619, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2018.1466619

W. Wang, C. Mengjiao, Z. Lili, X. Zili, H. Wei, Z. Lu, Analysis on the Effect of Multi-path Propagation on Multilateration (MLAT) System in Airport Apron, 2020 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Electronics Technology (ICET), Chengdu, China, 2020, pp. 644-649.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET49382.2020.9119691

Ore, F., Lehtonen, M., Power Arcing Fault Detection and Location Algorithm Solution in Two and Three Dimensions Euclidean Planes Using an Analytic Geometry Method Instead of an Iterative or Numerical Method, (2022) International Review of Electrical Engineering (IREE), 17 (4), pp. 327-345.
https://doi.org/10.15866/iree.v17i4.22011

R. Fadil, B. A. El Majd, H. El Ghazi, H. Rahil, Optimizing the Multi-Objective Deployment Problem of MLAT System, MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820000014

R. Geise, B. Neubauer, G. Zimmer, Navigation Signal Disturbances by Multipath Propagation - Scaled Measurements with a Universal Channel Sounder Architecture, Frequenz, vol. 69, no. 11-12, 2015, pp. 527-542.
https://doi.org/10.1515/freq-2015-0080

C. Amielh, A. Chabory, Ch. Macabiau, L. Azoulai, GNSS Multipath Error Model for Aircraft Surface Navigation Based on Canonical Scenarios for Class F Airports. ION GNSS+ 2019 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, 2019, pp. 1418-1437.
https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.16907

EUROCAE, ED-129B - Technical Specification for a 1090 MHz Extended Squitter ADS-B Ground System. The European Organization for Civil Aviation Equipment, 2016.

EUROCAE, ED-142 - Technical Specification for Wide Area Multilateration (WAM) Systems. The European Organization for Civil Aviation Equipment, 2010.

J. A. Shaw, Radiometry and the Friis Transmission Equation, American Journal of Physics 81 (2013), 33-37.
https://doi.org/10.1119/1.4755780

H. Bounaceur, A. Khenchaf, JM. Le Caillec, Analysis of Small Sea-Surface Targets Detection Performance According to Airborne Radar Parameters in Abnormal Weather Environments. Sensors (Basel), 2022, 22(9):3263.
https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093263

A. Z. Sha'ameri et al, Performance Analysis of a Minimum Configuration Multilateration System for Airborne Emitter Position Estimation, Defence S and T Technical Bulletin 8 (2015), 27-41.

EUROCONTROL, EUROCONTROL Specification for Surveillance Data Exchange ASTERIX, Part 12 Category 021 ADS-B Target Reports. European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation, 2021.

R. A. Azdy et al, Use of Haversine Formula in Finding Distance Between Temporary Shelter and Waste End Processing Sites, Journal of Physics Conference Series 1500:012104 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1500/1/012104

ICAO, Annex 6 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation - Operation of Aircraft. International Civil Aviation Organization, 2018.

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

Username
Password
Remember me