Time Guidance in the Navigational Complexes of Aircraft

Abstract

Further increase in airspace capacity and flight efficiency makes it expedient to introduce four-dimensional flight trajectories, as well as operations based on their use, in order to maintain a high level of safety. At the same time, the implementation of control systems that support maintenance of four-dimensional trajectories faces some problems; the major one is to choose the optimal flight mode. An additional fourth dimension, that is represented by time, imposes some restrictions on the classical three-dimensional control, which, accordingly, entails a deviation from the optimal and cost-effective three-dimensional trajectory. The article proposes a variant whereby the time guidance loop is separated by the major loop of the flight management system in the horizontal and in the vertical planes. Guidance is carried out by flight simulation along a designated route, taking into account the aircraft performance characteristics in varying environmental parameters conditions. A method of time guidance is presented; it provides a generation of preventive recommendations for a flight mode change in order to maintain the flight watch. These recommendations allow the crew to make a preliminary assessment of the feasibility of compliance with a target time of arrival, as well as an analysis, a required path correction and flight parameter changes in order to fulfill these conditions.
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