Wireless Control of a DC Motor Using a Four Quadrant Chopper

Abstract

This paper is a live demonstration of the speed control of a D.C. Motor and direction, achieved using radio frequency technology. However, PWM technique remains the underlying principle for the speed control. This circuit works with a variable on-off ratio, the average on time may be varied from zero to hundredpercentage. In this manner, a variable amount of power can be transferred to the load. The main advantage of a PWM circuit over a resistive power controller is the efficiency. The radio frequency(RF) modules used here are STT-433 MHz Transmitter, STR-433 MHz Receiver, HT640 RF Encoder and HT648 RF Decoder. As already mentioned, the RF transfer is made at a carrier frequency of 433MHZ and the encoder, decoder pair are designed to handle data at the same frequency. The remote circuit consists of 8 switches – ON/OFF, Clockwise/Counter clockwise, zero to hundred percent speeds, in steps of twenty and it for the RF module to transfer this data to the control circuit.At the receiving end, the RF receiver receives this data, gives it to RF decoder. This decoder converts the single bit data into 8-bit data and presents it to the microcontroller (Atmel 89C51). Now, it is the job of the controller to read the data and perform the corresponding action i.e., to rotate the dc motor clockwise, anticlockwise, increase or decrease the speed of the dc motor. 16X2 LCD is connected at the receiver end to display the speed level of the motor and the direction. LED indication is also provided for visual indication. The technology remains the characteristics of high reliability. Hardware result verifies the simulation results.
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