Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Velocity Control of a Mechanical System with a Spring-Based Regenerative Brake for Energy Saving in Industrial Applications


(*) Corresponding author


Authors' affiliations


DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/ireaco.v12i1.16290

Abstract


Since global environmental and energy resource exhaustion problems are becoming more serious, hybrid vehicles equipped with a regenerative system composed of an electric motor and a battery are attracting attention. However, the application of this type of system to personal mobility or industrial machines is difficult due to their smaller mass compared to vehicle systems; in order to mitigate this, authors have developed a new type of regenerative system using a spiral spring. This paper proposes a robust speed controller design using a disturbance observer in order to achieve the desired motion for industrial applications, and to analyze the regenerative efficiency of the proposed system. Experimental results show that the proposed system can provide energy saving of approximately 39% and it can improve the ability to follow the target velocity trajectory.
Copyright © 2019 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

Keywords


Energy Saving; Hybrid System; Regenerative Brake; Spiral Spring; Wheeled Mobile System

Full Text:

PDF


References


S. Guo, Q.Liu, J.Sun, H.Jin, A Review on the Utilization of Hybrid Renewable Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 91, pp. 1121–1147, August 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.105

J. J. Kim, Economic Analysis on Energy Saving Technologies for Complex Manufacturing Building, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 123, pp. 249–254, August 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.03.018

E. A. Abdelaziz, R. Saidur, S. Mekhilef, A Review on Energy Saving Strategies in Industrial Sector, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 15(Issue 1), pp. 150-168, January 2011.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.09.003

Sheboniea, M., Darwish, M., Janbey, A., Investigation and Regression Analysis of Weekly Household Appliances in the UK, (2017) International Journal on Energy Conversion (IRECON), 5 (3), pp. 79-87.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irecon.v5i3.11142

G. Y. Zhao, Z.Y. Liu, Y. He, H.J. Cao, Y.B. Guo, Energy Consumption in Machining: Classification, Prediction, and Reduction Strategy, Energy, Vol. 133, pp. 142-157, August 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.110

A. Farrage, N. Uchiyama, Energy Saving in Biaxial Feed Drive Systems Using Adaptive Sliding Mode Contouring Control with a Nonlinear Sliding Surface, Mechatronics, Vol. 54, pp. 26-35, October 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.06.009

J. Ouyang, P. Ju, The Choice of Energy Saving Modes for an Energy-Intensive Manufacturer Under Non-Coordinaion and Coordination Scenarios, Energy, Vol. 126, pp. 733-745, May 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.03.059

H. Fathabadi, Novel Battery/Photovoltaic Hybrid Power Source for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Solar Energy, Vol. 159, pp. 243-250, January 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.10.071

Abu Mallouh, M., Salah, M., Abdelhafez, E., Hamdan, M., Surgenor, B., Modeling, Simulation and Performance Comparison of Conventional Vehicle Against Three Configurations of Hybrid Vehicles, (2016) International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS), 9 (4), pp. 238-245.
https://doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v9i4.9580

Mishra, S., Panigrahi, S., Sarangi, B., Energy System in Hybrid Electric Vehicle: Management, Control, Optimization and Stability Analysis, (2017) International Journal on Engineering Applications (IREA), 5 (6), pp. 192-203.

P. Cocron, I. Neumann, M. Kreußlein, D. Wanner, M. Bierbach, J. F. Krems, Regenerative Braking Failures in Battery Electric Vehicles and Their Impact on the Driver, Applied Ergonomics, Vol. 71, pp. 29-37, September 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2018.03.012

Villaizan, J., Jimenez, R., Ramos, O., Energy Impact Simulation in Hybrid Vehicles Using Neural Networks, (2017) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 11 (8), pp. 597-601.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v11i8.12189

Restrepo, J., Garcia, J., Electric Vehicle Performance Test Under Urban Operation Conditions: a Case Study in Bogotá D.C., (2016) International Review of Automatic Control (IREACO), 9 (5), pp. 341-347.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireaco.v9i5.10244

Thiao, S., Mar, A., Diokh, R., Mbow, C., Youm, I., Feasibility Study of a Solar Thermal Cooling Warehouse on a Remote Area: Estimation of the Solar Thermal Collector Area and Efficiency, (2018) International Journal on Energy Conversion (IRECON), 6 (3), pp. 90-97.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irecon.v6i3.14289

N. Ghaviha, J. Campillo, M. Bohlin, E. Dahlquist, Review of Application of Energy Storage Devices in Railway Transportation, Energy Procedia, Vol. 105, pp. 4561-4568, May 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.980

Del Pizzo, A., Di Noia, L., Rizzo, R., Energy Storage System Sizing for a Twin Engine Four-Seat Aircraft Electrical Propulsion, (2017) International Review of Aerospace Engineering (IREASE), 10 (6), pp. 315-322.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irease.v10i6.11841

Cáceres, C., Mora Montañez, J., Amaya, D., Mathematical Modeling, Control and Simulation of a Suspension System with Energy Regeneration, (2015) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 9 (4), pp. 377-381.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v9i4.6272

Zhavner, V., Matsko, O., Zhavner, M., Comparative Analysis of Mechatronic Drives for Reciprocal Motion, (2018) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 12 (9), pp. 784-789.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v12i9.15643

Degefa, M., Tarrago, O., Lehtonen, M., A Conditional Demand Analysis Based AMR Metered Load Disaggregation: a Case Study, (2016) International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS), 9 (2), pp. 64-74.
https://doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v9i2.8384

F. Kyriakidis, K. Sørensen, S. Singh, T. Condra, Modeling and Optimization of Integrated Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Multi-Stage Waste Heat Recovery in Marine Engines, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 151, pp. 286-295, November 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.09.004

Bakkari, M., Lemmini, F., Gueraoui, K., Optimization of the Heat Consumption of a Pottery Kiln by Use of a Heat Exchanger, (2017) International Review of Civil Engineering (IRECE), 8 (3), pp. 79-86.
https://doi.org/10.15866/irece.v8i3.11599

Subramonian, S., Aziz, A., Abdullah, R., Taufik, -., Arep, H., Finite Element Analysis of Super Energy Saving Locking System Towards Enhancing Door Lock Performance and Security, (2013) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 7 (6), pp. 1147-1151.

T. Sakamoto, Electric Load Analysis of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle, Journal of Mechanical Systems for Transportation and Logistics, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 66-77, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.1299/jmtl.2.66

Ribar, E., Murín, J., Kozák, Š., Vehicle Route Complex Modelling, (2016) International Review of Automatic Control (IREACO), 9 (2), pp. 115-121.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireaco.v9i2.8732

Ghabara, T., Tiss, F., Chouikh, R., Guizani, A., Modeling a Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle, (2018) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 12 (8), pp. 684-693.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v12i8.14852

D. Cross, C. Brockbank, Mechanical Hybrid System Comprising a Flywheel and CVT for Motorsport and Mainstream Automotive Applications, SAE Technical Paper, 2009-01-1312, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-1312

T. Lin, Q. Chen, H. Ren, W. Huang, Q. Chen, S. Fu, Review of Boom Potential Energy Regeneration Technology for Hydraulic Construction Machinery, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 79, pp. 358-371, November 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.131

S. M. Mousavi G, F. Faraji, A. Majazi, K. Al-Haddad, A Comprehensive Review of Flywheel Energy Storage System Technology, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 67, pp. 477-490, January 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.060

Sujith, S., Ramesh, V., Dynamic Power Management of Autonomous Wind Diesel Hybrid System Using Flywheel Storage During Transition from Wind-Only Mode of Operation, (2017) International Review of Automatic Control (IREACO), 10 (1), pp. 78-85.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireaco.v10i1.11372

E. Chiappini, Optimal Use of HLA Systems, SAE Technical Paper, 2011-24-0073, 2011.

M. Chen, D. Zhao, The Gravitational Potential Energy Regeneration System with Closed-Circuit of Boom of Hydraulic Excavator, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, Vol. 82, pp. 178-192, January 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.05.017

Ababneh, M., Ishtay, A., A New Hydro-Compressed Air Storage System Using Repetitive-Controlled Technique, (2018) International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 12 (2), pp. 107-120.
https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v12i2.12614

L. O. Hoppie, The Use of Elastomers in Regenerative Braking System, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 219-232, March 1982.
https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3535869

D. H. Myszka, A. Murray, K. Giaier, V. K. Jayaprakash, A Mechanical Regenerative Brake and Launch Assist using an Open Differential and Elastic Energy Storage, SAE Int. J. Alt. Power. 4(1), pp. 199-208, April 2015.
https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1680

H. Ohtaki, S. Kotosaka, Y. Yasuda, Y. Nagasaka, The Running Energy Resurrection of Bicycle with Spring, Proceeding of the Kanto Branch Conference, Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp. 169-170, September 2005 (In Japanese).

T. Sakuraba, N. Uchiyama, S. Sano, Design of a Wheeled Mobile System with a Spring-Based Regenerative Brake, SICE Annual Conference 2014, pp. 1539-1542, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, September, 2014.

T. Sakuraba, N. Uchiyama, S. Sano, T. Sakaguchi, Design and Experimental Verification of a Wheeled Mobile System with a Spring-Based Regenerative Brake, Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, Vol. 21, pp. 751-759, July 2017.
https://doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2017.p0751

H. Seki, Y. Takahashi, Downward Slope Driving Control for Electric Powered Wheelchair Based on Capacitor Regenerative Brake, IEEJ Trans. IA, Vol. 130, No. 2, pp. 207-214, 2010 (In Japanese).
https://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.130.207

F.-C. Wang, Y.-S. Chiang, Design and Control of a PEMFC Powered Electric Wheelchair, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37(Issue 15), pp. 11299-11307, August 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.04.156

Y.-P. Yang, R.-M. Guan, Y.-M. Huang, Hybrid Fuel Cell Powertrain for a Powered Wheelchair Driven by Rim Motors, Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 212, pp. 192-204, August 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.012

H. Taguchi, Energy Saving in an Underground Railway, IEEJ Journal, Vol. 123, No. 7, pp. 414-417, 2003 (In Japanese).

T. Sugimoto, A Study on Estimation of Effective Coefficient of Regenerative Energy in Electric Railway, Transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. D, Vol. 118(Issue 3), pp. 393-401, Mar1998 (In Japanese).

Y. Arai, T. Sakuraba, S. Sano, T. Sakaguchi, N. Uchiyama, Design and Experimental Verification of a Regenerative Brake System with a Spiral Spring and Gears, Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration, pp. 729-733, Paris, France, January, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1109/sii.2019.8700327

Z. Zou, J. Cao, B. Cao, W. Chen, Evaluation Strategy of Regenerative Braking Energy for Supercapacitor Vehicle, ISA Transactions, Vol. 55, pp. 234-240, March 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2014.09.011

Y.M. Hendrawan, K.R. Simba, N. Uchiyama, Iterative learning based trajectory generation for machine tool feed drive systems, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 51, pp. 230-237, June 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2017.12.009

N. Uchiyama, Discrete-time robust adaptive multi-axis control for feed drive systems, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 49 (Issue 15), pp. 1204-1213, December 2009.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2009.08.003

N. Uchiyama, K. Goto, S. Sano, Analysis of Energy Consumption in Fundamental Motion of Industrial Machines and Experimental Verification, Proceedings of the American Control Conference, pp. 2179-2184, Chicago, IL, USA, July, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2015.7171056

K. R. Simba, G. Heppeler, B. D. Bui, Y. M. Hendrawan, O. Sawodny, N. Uchiyama, Bézier Curve Based Trajectory Generation and Nonlinear Friction Compensation for Feed Drive Contouring Control, IFAC-PapersOnLine, Vol. 50(Issue 1), pp. 1944-1951, July 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.388

S. K. Valluru, M. Singh, Performance Investigations of APSO Tuned Linear and Nonlinear PID Controllers for a Nonlinear Dynamical System, Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, Vol. 5(Issue 3), pp. 442-452, December 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesit.2018.02.001

N. Saikumar, R. K. Sinha, S. H. HosseinNia, Resetting Disturbance Observers with Application in Compensation of Bounded Nonlinearities Like Hysteresis in Piezo-Actuators, Control Engineering Practice, Vol. 82, pp. 36-49, January 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2018.09.026

J. Qiao, X. Li, J. Xu, A Composite Disturbance Observer and H∞ Control Scheme for Flexible Spacecraft with Measurement Delay and Input Delay, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 14 November 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2018.10.013

N. A. Ahmed, Modeling and Simulation of Ac–Dc Buck-Boost Converter Fed Dc Motor with Uniform PWM Technique, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 73(Issue 3), pp. 363-372, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2004.08.010

A. G. Erdman, G. N. Sandor, Mechanism Design: Analysis and Synthesis: Vol. 1 (Prentice-Hall, 1991).

H. Hellendoorn, S. Mulder, B.D. Schutter, Hybrid Control of Container Cranes, Proceedings of the 18th World Congress The International Federation of Automatic Control, pp. 9697-9702, Milan, Italy, August, 2011.
https://doi.org/10.3182/20110828-6-it-1002.00010

N. Uchiyama, Y. Honda, S. Sano, Residual Vibration Suppression and Energy Saving in Industrial Machines Using a Trapezoidal Velocity Profile, Proceedings of the American Control Conference, pp. 323-328, Oregon, USA, June, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2014.6859042


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Please send any question about this web site to info@praiseworthyprize.com
Copyright © 2005-2024 Praise Worthy Prize