Optimization of Okumura-Hata Model for Long Term Evolution Network Deployment in Lagos, Nigeria

Zachaeus Kayode Adeyemo; Owolabi Kehinde Ogunremi; Isaac Akinwale Ojedokun

doi:10.15866/irecap.v6i3.9012

Optimization of Okumura-Hata Model for Long Term Evolution Network Deployment in Lagos, Nigeria

Zachaeus Kayode Adeyemo^(1*), Owolabi Kehinde Ogunremi⁽²⁾, Isaac Akinwale Ojedokun⁽³⁾

^(*) Corresponding author

Authors' affiliations

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/irecap.v6i3.9012

Abstract

The prediction of the signal strength received at a particular location is of paramount importance in the determination of overall performance of any wireless system. This prediction depends on the propagation path loss between the base stations and the mobile user. Some of the existing propagation path loss models such as Free Space, Okumura, Okumura-Hata, Cost231 Hata, Davidson-Hata are not suitable for prediction of Long Term Evolution signal in Lagos, Nigeria due to high error caused by higher carrier frequency and distance. Therefore, there is need to optimize these models for their suitability to LTE signal in Lagos, Nigeria. In this paper, suitability of Okumura-Hata model is investigated for LTE signal. The received signal strengths at different locations for three (3) LTE stations in Lagos are taken through the drive test. The analysis of Okumura-Hata model is carried out and compared with the measured values. Okumura-Hata is then optimized using the Least Square method. The performance of the model is evaluated using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) to determine the path loss. The results obtained show that the RMSE is reduced from 13.46 to 0.63. This shows that the optimized model has proved to predict the path loss with improved accuracy of 23 – 28%. Therefore, the optimized Okumura-Hata model values are in agreement or higher than the measured values and can be suitably used for predicting the signal attenuation of LTE in Lagos, Nigeria.
Copyright © 2016 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

Keywords

Okumura-Hata; Path loss; Optimization; Long Term Evolution

Full Text:

PDF

References

H. S Jochen, Mobile Communication, Addison Wesley, Longman Publishing Company, Reading, Massachusetts, USA, 2000.

C. Cox, An Introduction to LTE John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5037.2012.00569.x

J.G. Parsons, The mobile Radio Propagation Channel Wiley, second edition, UK, 2000.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470841524

S. Sanjay, “Mobile and Wireless Communication”, S.K Kataria and Sons, 4th Edition, India, 2012,

S. S Kale and A. N Jadhav, “An Empirically Based Path Loss Models for LTE Advanced Network and Modeling for 4G Wireless Systems at 2.4 GHz, 2.6 GHz and 3.5 GHz”, International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), Volume 2, (Number 9), 2013, Pages 252-257

N. S Nkordeh, A. A Atayero, F. E Idachaba, and O. O Oni, “LTE Network Planning using the Hata-Okumura and the COST-231 Hata Path loss Models”, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, Volume I, WCE 2014, July 2 - 4, 2014, London, U.K.

T. S Rappaport, “Wireless Communication Principles and Practice”, Communications Engineering and Emerging Technologies Series, Second edition, Prentice Hall of India Private limited, New Delhi 2002.

A. R Mishra, “Second generation network planning and optimization (GSM)”, John Wiley and sons, New Jersey, 2004.

R. K Crane, “Prediction of Attenuation by Rain”, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Volume. 28, (Number 9), 1980, Pages 1717-1733.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1980.1094844

E. Athanasiadou, A. R Nix, and L. P McGeehan, “A Microcellular Ray Tracing Propagation Model and Evaluation of its Narrowband and Wideband Predictions”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas In Comm., Wireless Comm. Series, Volume 18, (Number 3), 2000, Pages.322-355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.840192

B. Sklar, “Digital Communication: Fundamentals and Applications” Second edition, Prentice Hall. Upper saddle River, New Jersey, 2003.

P. K Sharma and R. K Singh, “Comparative Analysis of Propagation Path Loss Models with Field Measured Data”, IJEST, Volume. 2, (Number 6), 2010, Pages 2008-2013.

A. Gbenga-Ilori, and O. Obiyemi, “Optimization of Hata Path Loss Model for Broadcast Communication Systems in Lagos state”, International Conference on Innovations in Engineering and Technology (IET 2011), 2011, Pages 343 – 350

R. Mardeni. and P. Y Lee, “Path Loss Model Optimization for Urban Outdoor Coverage Using Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) System at 822MHZ” Journal of Modern Applied Science Volume. 6 (Number 1), 2012, Pages 28-42.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v6n1p28

J. Isabona and S. Azi, “Optimised Walficsh-Bertoni Model for Path Loss Prediction In Urban propagation environment’’, International journal of engineering and innovative technology, Volume 2, (Number 5), 2012, Pages 14 – 20.

Nigeria communication commission (2004), Guildlines on interconnection of Telecommunications Networks, Retrieved from www.ncc.gov.ng on April 20, 2005.

A. N Jadhav and S. S Kale, “Suburban Area Path loss Propagation Prediction and Optimisation Using Hata Model at 2375MHz”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Volume 3, (Number 1), 2014, Pages 504-508

K. A Akpado, O. S Oguejiofor, A. Adewale, and A. C Ejiofor, (2013), “Path Loss Prediction for a Typical Mobile Communication System in Nigeria Using Empirical Models”, IRACST – International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), Volume.3, (Number. 2), 2013, Pages 207- 211

P. Raturi, V. Gupta and S. Eram, “Proposed Propagation Model for Dehradun Region”, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE), Volume 3, (Number 6), 2014, Page 236-240

J. Milanovic, S. Rimac-Drlje and K. Bejuk, “Comparison of propagation Model accuracy for WiMAX on 3.5GHz,” 14th IEEE International conference on electronic circuits and systems, Morocco, 2007, Pages 111-114.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2007.4510943

A.J Goldsmith, wireless communication, first edition, Cambridge University press, England, 2005.

G. G Chris and R. T Myasar, “LTE and LTE-A Interworking and Interoperability With 3GPP and non-3GPP Wireless Networks”, Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences, Volume. 4, (Number. 8), 2013, Pages 649-656

S. M Chadchan and C. B Akki., “3GPP LTE/SAE: An Overview”, International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Volume. 2, (Number. 5), 2010, Pages 806-814
http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcee.2010.v2.232

O. Shoewu and F. O Edeko, “Propagation Loss Determination in Cluster Based GSM Base Stations in Lagos Environs”, International Transaction of Electrical and Computer Engineers System, Volume 2, (Number 1), 2014, Pages 28-33

K. Amit, L.Yunfei, S.Jyotsma and Divya, Evolution of mobile wireless communication Network, International Journal of Electronic and Communication Technology, Volume 1 (number 1) 2010, pages 68-72.

Amali, C., Jayaprakash, D., Ramachandran, B., Optimized Network Selection Using Aggregate Utility Function in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, (2014) International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS), 9 (7), pp. 1293-1301.

Kavitha, P., Uma Rani, R., Adaptive Resource Allocation Mechanism (ARM) for Efficient Load Balancing in WiMAX Network, (2014) International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS), 9 (9), pp. 1630-1636.
http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecos.v9i9.3537

Zmezm, H., Hashim, S., Sali, A., Alezabi, K., Seamless and Secure Design for Subsequent Handover in Mobile WiMAX Networks, (2014) International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS), 9 (8), pp. 1399-1407.
http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecos.v9i8.2942

Saidu, I., Subramaniam, S., Azmi, J., Zukarnain, Z., Performance Analysis of WiMAX Networks: Discrete Event Simulator (DES) Development, (2014) International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS), 9 (11), pp. 1822-1833.
http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecos.v9i11.3182

Zmezm, H., Hashim, S., Sali, A., Alezabi, K., Pre-Authentication Design for Seamless and Secure Handover in Mobile WiMAX, (2015) International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS), 10 (7), pp. 764-772.
http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecos.v10i7.6955

Deepa, T., Kumar, R., Low Complexity, High Throughput Layered FFT Structure for BI Based COFDM Systems, (2013) International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS), 8 (5), pp. 1180-1185.

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

Username
Password
Remember me