Email this article 
Optimisation of Poly(γ-Glutamic Acid) Production by Bacillus velezensis NRRL B – 23189 in Liquid Fermentation with Molasses as the Carbon Source without Addition of Glutamic Acid
(*) Corresponding author
DOI's assignment:
the author of the article can submit here a request for assignment of a DOI number to this resource!
Cost of the service: euros 10,00 (for a DOI)
Abstract
Poly (γ-glutamic acid), also known as γ-PGA, is an extracellular polymer produced by microbial fermentation. It is water-soluble, edible, biodegradable, non-toxic towards humans and the environment, and it has many available sites for drug conjugation and a powerful ability to solubilise hydrophobic molecules. This work reports the application of molasses, citric acid and ammonium sulphate in the fermentation by Bacillus velezensis NRRL-23189 to produce γ-PGA and the detection of molasses consumption without the use of glutamic acid as a nutrient. Different concentrations of molasses, citric acid and ammonium sulphate were studied. The fermentation was agitated at 200 rpm at 27ºC for 72 h, with an initial pH of 6.5 (NaOH 2N and HCl 2N). Spectrophotometric analyses were used to measure concentrations of γ-PGA and the residual sugar from molasses degradation. The maximum production of γ-PGA was 4.82 g/l, in a medium with molasses (200g/l), citric acid (12.5g/l) and ammonium sulphate (8g/l) in a fermentation that also resulted in the maximum sugar consumption.
Copyright © 2014 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.
Keywords
References
A. Goto, M. Kunioka, Biosynthesis and hydrolysis of poly(γ-glutamic acid) from Bacillus subtilis IFO3335, Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 56 (1992) 1031-1035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.56.1031
R. Richard, A. Margaritis, Optimization of cell growth and poly(glutamic acid) production in batch fermentation by Bacillus subtilis, Biotechnology Letters 25 (2003) 465-468.
F. Shi, Z. Xu, P. Cen, Microbial production of natural poly amino acid, Sci China Ser B-Chem, 50 (2007) 291-303.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11426-007-0061-5
F. Shi, Z. Xu, P. Cen, Efficient production of poly-γ-glutamic acid by Bacillus subtilis ZJU-7, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 133 (2006) 271-281.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/abab:133:3:271
F. Shi, Z. Xu, P. Cen, Optimization of γ-polyglutamic acid production by Bacillus subtilis ZJU-7 using a surface-response methodology, Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, 11 (2006) 251-257.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02932039
I. L. Shih, Y. T. Van, The production of poly-(γ-glutamic acid) from microorganisms and its various applications, Bioresource Technology, 79 (2001) 207-225.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(01)00074-8
S. H. Yoon, J. H. Do, S. Y. Lee, H. N. Chang, Production of poly-γ-glutamic acid by fed-batch culture of Bacillus licheniformis, Biotechnology Letters, 22, (2000) 585-588.
M. Ashiuchi, H. Misono, Biochemistry and molecular genetics of poly-γ-glutamate synthesis, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 59 (2002) 9-14.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-0984-x
A. C. Chibnall, M. W. Ress, F. M. Richards, Structure of the polyglutamic acid from Bacillus subtili,. Bioch. 68 (1958) 129-135.
M. Kunioka, Biosynthesis and chemical reactions of poly(amino acid)s from microorganisms, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 47 (1997) 469-475.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050958
J. Chen, F. Shi, B. Zhang, F. Zhu, W. Cao, Z. Xu, G. Xu, P. Cen, Effects of cultivation conditions on the production of γ-PGA with Bacillus subtilis ZJU-7, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. (2010) 370-377.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8307-z
M. Bovarnick, The formation of extracellular d(-)-glutamic acid polypeptide by Bacillus subtilis, J. Biol. Chem. 145 (1942) 415-424.
M. Kambourova, M. Tangney, F. G. Priest, Regulation of polyglutamic acid synthesis by glutamate in Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67 (2001) 1004-1007.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.2.1004-1007.2001
C. B. Thorne, C. G. Leonard, Isolation of D- and L-glutamyl polypeptides from culture filtrates of Bacillus subtilis, J. Biol. Chem., 233 (1958) 1109-1112.
J. H. Do, H. N. Chang, S. Y. Lee, Efficient recovery of γ-poly (glutamic acid) from highly viscous culture broth, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 76 (2001) 219-223.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.1186
M. Kunioka, A. Goto, Biosynthesis of poly(γ-glutamic acid) from L-glutamic acid, citric acid, and ammonium sulphate in Bacillus subtilis IFO3335, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 40 (1994) 867-872.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00173990
I. B. Bajaj, R. S. Singhal, Enhanced production of poly (γ-glutamic acid) from Bacillus licheniformis NCIM 2324 by using metabolic precursors, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 159 (2009) 133-141.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-008-8427-5
A. Hoppensack, F. B. Oppermann-sanio, A. Steinbüchel, Conversion of the nitrogen content in liquid manure into biomass and polyglutamic acid by a newly isotated strain of Bacillus licheniformis, FEMS Microbiology Letters 218 (2003) 39-45.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2003.tb11495.x
H. J. Choi, M. Kunioka, Preparation conditions and swelling equilibria of hydrogel prepared by γ-irradiation from microbial poly(γ-glutamic acid), Radiat. Phys. Chem. 46 (1995) 175-179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0969-806x(95)00009-m
M. Ashiuchi, T. Kamei, D. H. Baek, S. Y. Shin, M. H. Sung, K. Soda, T. Yagi, H. Misono, Isolation of Bacillus subtilis (chungkookjang), a poly-γ-glutamate producer with high genetic competence, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 57 (2001) 764-769.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-001-0848-9
S. B. Silva, Produção e otimização de processo de obtenção de ácido γ-poliglutâmico através do cultivo de Bacillus subtilis BL53, PhD. Teses, Dept. Chemistry Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RGS, 2010.
M. Somogy, Determination of blood sugar, Journal of Biological Chemistry (1945) 160-169.
I. B. Bajaj, S. S. Lele, R. S. Singhal, Enhanced production of poly(γ-glutamic acid) from Bacillus licheniformis NCIM2324 in solid state fermentation, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 35 (2008) 1581-1586.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-008-0401-2
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Please send any question about this web site to info@praiseworthyprize.com
Copyright © 2005-2024 Praise Worthy Prize
